1 year ago
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Atmosphere, Vol. 14, Pages 536: Investigating the Incorporation of Idle, High Idle, and Driving Acceleration NOx Emissions Tests into the Periodic Technical Inspection Procedures
Atmosphere doi: 10.3390/atmos14030536
Authors: Daisy Thomas Gurdas S. Sandhu Thomas Nilsson Stefan Bjurkvist
NOx pollution is one of the greatest air quality issues that urban areas face today, particularly within the European Union (EU), yet currently this pollutant is only controlled through the homologation process. There is currently no periodic technical inspection (PTI) process for NOx emissions within the EU, leaving a weakness in the legislation that is currently allowing high polluters to negatively impact air quality. Work needs to be performed to incorporate a simple, quick, inexpensive, and representative test to accurately identify these high emitters within the on-road vehicle fleet. This paper investigates options for the incorporation of a NOx test into the EU PTI test procedures. In a trial constituting over 600 vehicles, a 3DATX parSYNC was used to measure the NOx emissions over a series of short test types. These are an idle test, two types of high idle test (a constant high idle and a rapid high idle), and an on-road driving dynamic acceleration test. The repeatability of all three test types was good. The NOx concentrations have strong correlations to the mass emissions for each test type, with the use of mean concentrations being deemed more representative than the use of maximum concentrations. The mean results across the tested fleet are calculated and used to define pass/fail thresholds for different vehicle types. The findings of this work show that multiple test methods have the potential to characterize NOx emissions from a vehicle, but in order to catch high emitters on a PTI test, the unloaded idle and high idle test types are not suitable substitutes for a dynamic acceleration test, particularly for petrol vehicles.
