JDB, Vol. 12, Pages 14: Emerging Contributions of Pluripotent Stem Cells to Reproductive Technologies in Veterinary Medicine
Journal of Developmental Biology doi: 10.3390/jdb12020014
Authors: Raiane Cristina Fratini de Castro Tiago William Buranello Kaiana Recchia Aline Fernanda de Souza Naira Caroline Godoy Pieri Fabiana Fernandes Bressan
The generation of mature gametes and competent embryos in vitro from pluripotent stem cells has been successfully achieved in a few species, mainly in mice, with recent advances in humans and scarce preliminary reports in other domestic species. These biotechnologies are very attractive as they facilitate the understanding of developmental mechanisms and stages that are generally inaccessible during early embryogenesis, thus enabling advanced reproductive technologies and contributing to the generation of animals of high genetic merit in a short period. Studies on the production of in vitro embryos in pigs and cattle are currently used as study models for humans since they present more similar characteristics when compared to rodents in both the initial embryo development and adult life. This review discusses the most relevant biotechnologies used in veterinary medicine, focusing on the generation of germ-cell-like cells in vitro through the acquisition of totipotent status and the production of embryos in vitro from pluripotent stem cells, thus highlighting the main uses of pluripotent stem cells in livestock species and reproductive medicine.