Mathematics, Vol. 11, Pages 1517: Dynamics and Global Bifurcations in Two Symmetrically Coupled Non-Invertible Maps

Mathematics, Vol. 11, Pages 1517: Dynamics and Global Bifurcations in Two Symmetrically Coupled Non-Invertible Maps

Mathematics doi: 10.3390/math11061517

Authors: Yamina Soula Hadi Jahanshahi Abdullah A. Al-Barakati Irene Moroz

The theory of critical curves determines the main characteristics of a discrete dynamical system in two dimensions. One important property that has garnered recent attention is the problem of chaos synchronization, along with the location of its chaotic attractors, basin boundaries, and bifurcation mechanisms. Varying the parameters of the maps reveals the instrumental role that these curves play, where the bifurcation leads to complex topological structures of the basins occurs by contact with the basin boundaries, resulting in the appearance or disappearance of some components of the basin. This study focuses on the properties of a discrete dynamical system consisting of two symmetrically coupled non-invertible maps, specifically those with an invariant one-dimensional submanifold (or one-dimensional maps). These maps exhibit a complex structure of basins with the coexistence of symmetric chaotic attractors, riddled basins, blow-out, on-off intermittency, and, most significantly, the appearance of chaotic synchronization with a correlation between all the characteristics. The numerical method of critical curves can be used to demonstrate a wide range of dynamic scenarios and explain the bifurcations that lead to their occurrence. These curves play a crucial role in a system of two symmetrically coupled maps, and their significance will be discussed.