Nutrients, Vol. 15, Pages 512: 25-Hydroxy-Vitamin D and Risk of Recurrent Stroke: A Dose Response Meta-Analysis

Nutrients, Vol. 15, Pages 512: 25-Hydroxy-Vitamin D and Risk of Recurrent Stroke: A Dose Response Meta-Analysis

Nutrients doi: 10.3390/nu15030512

Authors: Anita Vergatti Veronica Abate Aquilino Flavio Zarrella Fiore Manganelli Stefano Tozza Rosa Iodice Gianpaolo De Filippo Lanfranco D’Elia Pasquale Strazzullo Domenico Rendina

Stroke recurrence significantly improves the prognosis quoad vitam et valetudinem of patients with a first ischemic or haemorrhagic stroke. Other than in bone and skeletal metabolism, vitamin D is involved in the pathogenesis of cardiovascular disorders. This meta-analysis was performed to evaluate the relationship between 25OH-vitamin D [25(OH)D] levels at the first stroke and the stroke recurrence. To 31 July 2022, four prospective studies were identified. The potential non-linear relationship was evaluated by modelling 25(OH)D, using restricted cubic splines of 25(OH)D distribution. The pooled estimated risk (and 95% CI) of the recurrence of stroke, comparing the highest and the lowest levels, was assessed using a random-effect model. A non-linear association was found by dose-response analysis. This study found that 25(OH)D levels at the first stroke ≥9.3 ng/mL were associated with a lower risk of stroke recurrence, compared with 25(OH)D levels ≤8.5 ng/mL. In the pooled analysis, higher 25(OH)D levels at the first stroke significantly reduce the risk of stroke recurrence, with a significant heterogeneity among studies. In conclusion, 25(OH)D levels ≤8.5 ng/mL at the first stroke are significantly associated with a higher risk of recurrent stroke.