Sustainability, Vol. 15, Pages 5386: A Second-Order Cone Programming Model of Controlled Islanding Strategy Considering Frequency Stability Constraints

Sustainability, Vol. 15, Pages 5386: A Second-Order Cone Programming Model of Controlled Islanding Strategy Considering Frequency Stability Constraints

Sustainability doi: 10.3390/su15065386

Authors: Peijie Li Di Xu Hang Su Zhiyuan Sun

Controlled islanding is an important defense mechanism for avoiding blackouts by dividing the system into several stable islands. Sustainable systems that incorporate a high proportion of renewable energy are prone to frequency instability or even severe blackout events due to extreme weather conditions. Thus, it is critical to investigate controlled islanding considering frequency stability constraints to reduce the risk of a sustainable system collapse in extreme weather conditions. Here, the frequency constraint of islands is derived based on the law of energy conservation, and the island connectivity constraint is proposed based on the idea of network flow. A controlled island second-order cone programming model with frequency stability constraints is proposed for the islanding strategy. The consideration of frequency constraints can help to avoid islands with too low inertia generated by the islanding strategies, ensuring that the frequency nadir of the island remains within a safe range after disturbance. Connectivity constraints can ensure connectivity within the island and no connectivity between different islands. The model also meets the reactive power balance and voltage limits in the system. Simulations of the three test systems show that this island model, which takes frequency stability into account, is effective in reducing the risk of sustainable power system collapse in extreme weather conditions.